Complex Sentence P1

 

What is a Complex Sentence?

A complex sentence is a sentence that has one main (independent) clause and at least one subordinate (dependent) clause.

Example:

Because it was raining, we stayed indoors.

"Because it was raining" = subordinate clause

"We stayed indoors" = main clause

How to Teach Complex Sentences

1. Review Clauses

Main/Independent Clause: Can stand alone as a sentence.

Subordinate/Dependent Clause: Cannot stand alone; needs the main clause.

2. Introduce Complex Sentences

Explain that complex sentences combine these two types of clauses to show a relationship (reason, time, condition, etc.).

3. Subordinating Conjunctions

Teach common subordinating conjunctions: because, although, since, if, when, while, after, before, unless, etc.

4. Structure

The subordinate clause can come first or second in the sentence.

If the subordinate clause comes first, use a comma.

If the main clause comes first, no comma is needed.

 

Examples:

If you finish your homework, you can play outside.

You can play outside if you finish your homework.

Activity 1: Identify the Clauses

Instructions:
Underline the main clause and circle the subordinate clause in each sentence.

1.     Because it was raining, we stayed inside.

2.     She smiled when she saw her friend.

3.     If you study hard, you will pass the test.

4.     Although he was late, he finished his work.

5.     When the bell rings, the class will start.

6.     Since you asked politely, I will help you.

7.     I will call you after I reach home.

8.     Unless you hurry, you will miss the bus.

9.     While the dog barked, the baby slept.

10. Before you eat dessert, finish your dinner.

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Activity 2: Combine Sentences

Instructions:
Combine each pair of simple sentences into a complex sentence using a subordinating conjunction.

1.     I was hungry. I made a sandwich.

2.     She felt sick. She went to school.

3.     It started to rain. We went inside.

4.     He forgot his umbrella. He got wet.

5.     The power went out. We used candles.

6.     The teacher entered the room. The students stood up.

7.     The movie ended. We left the theater.

8.     I finished my homework. I watched TV.

9.     The baby was crying. Her mother picked her up.

10. The sun set. The sky turned orange.

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Activity 3: Sentence Starters

Instructions:
Complete each sentence starter to make a complex sentence.

1.     Because I woke up late, ___________________________.

2.     When I finish my homework, ________________________.

3.     If it rains tomorrow, _______________________________.

4.     Although I was scared, _____________________________.

5.     Since you are my friend, ___________________________.

6.     While my brother was playing, _______________________.

7.     After I ate dinner, ________________________________.

8.     Unless you ask nicely, _____________________________.

9.     Before you leave the house, ________________________.

10. As soon as I saw the dog, __________________________.

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