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chapter 11 class 10 mineral resources

 

I. Multiple Choice Questions

1.Minerals are natural substances having definite chemical and __________ properties.

o    (b) physical

2.Quality and quantity of minerals are inversely related. This means good quality minerals are __________ in quantity than low quality minerals.

o    (b) lesser

3.Assertion (A): Iron ore forms the backbone of modern civilisation.
Reason (R): The iron ore deposits in India occur as hill masses and are easily accessible.

o    (b) Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.

4.__________ is one of the most widely distributed minerals found in the earth's crust.

o    (a) Iron ore

5.Which ore of iron is reddish in colour?

o    (b) Haematite

6.What is also known as 'Black ore'?

o    (c) Magnetite

7.Name the best quality of iron that contains more than 70 per cent of iron.

o    (a) Magnetite

8.About 90 per cent of iron ore is used to make __________.

o    (b) Steel

9.Which of the following is one of the chief iron ore exporting ports in India?

o    (c) Mormugao

10.                Manganese is used to make which ore tough and resistant to rusting?

  • (d) iron

11.                Assertion (A): Aluminium is the best material for telescopes.
Reason (R): Aluminium is lightweight, strong and rust resistant metal.

  • (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

12.                You had gone to visit your aunt at Visakhapatnam where you saw large containers being shipped. On enquiring, you are told it is an ore of a metal. Which ore is it?

  • (a) Iron

13.                Name the mineral needed to regulate blood sugar levels and to support the immune system.

  • (a) Manganese

14.                An excess of __________ in plants and animals is toxic.

  • (c) manganese

15.                __________ is essential for plant growth and reduction of nitrates in green plants.

  • (c) Manganese

16.                __________ is the earliest metal used by man.

  • (a) Copper

17.                Which of the following is a principal combination in which copper occurs in nature?

  • (d) All of the above. (Sulphides, Oxides, Carbonates)

18.                __________ is a good conductor of electricity, highly malleable and ductile.

  • (a) Copper

II. Short Answer Questions

Q.1

(a) What is a mineral? State two characteristics of minerals.

  • A mineral is a natural substance of organic or inorganic origin with definite chemical and physical properties.
  • Two characteristics:
    • Minerals are not evenly distributed over space.
    • Minerals are exhaustible; they take long to form geologically and cannot be replenished immediately.

(b) Difference between metallic and non-metallic minerals:

  • Metallic minerals are the source of metals like iron, copper, gold, etc.
  • Non-metallic minerals do not yield metals and may be organic (like coal) or inorganic (like mica, limestone).

(c) Three varieties of iron ore mined in India & one state for each:

  • Haematite – Odisha
  • Magnetite – Karnataka
  • Limonite – Uttarakhand

(d)
(i) Best quality of iron ore: Magnetite
(ii) Two states where it is found: Tamil Nadu, Karnataka

Q.2

(a) What type of mineral is copper? Name any two states where copper is found in India.

  • Copper is a non-ferrous metallic mineral.
  • Two states: Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan

(b) State two uses of aluminium.

  • Used in aircraft, automobiles, rail wagons, and shipping industry.
  • Used in electrical equipment industry due to good conductivity.

(c) Give a reason for each:
(i) Manganese is an important raw material in the iron and steel industry.

  • Because it makes steel tough and resistant to rusting.

(ii) Bauxite is used in electrical equipment industry.

  • Because aluminium derived from bauxite is a good conductor of electricity.

(iii) Raw iron needs to be alloyed for use in construction/automobiles.

  • Because raw iron is not strong and hard enough; alloying increases strength and hardness.

(d) Bauxite is an oxide of which metal? Where are deposits found in India?

  • Bauxite is an oxide of aluminium.
  • Deposits found in Odisha, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Goa.

Q.3

(a) How is brass and bronze made? State two uses of copper.

  • Brass: Alloy of copper and zinc.
  • Bronze: Alloy of copper and tin.
  • Two uses:
    • Making electric wires and equipment.
    • Used in building construction for roofing and plumbing.

(b) Name two leading states producing manganese. State two industrial uses of manganese.

  • Two leading states: Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
  • Uses:
    • Used to make steel tough and resistant to rusting.
    • Used in dry cell batteries.

(c) Give a reason for each:
(i) Magnetite is so called.

  • Because it possesses magnetic properties.

(ii) Copper is used for making electric wires.

  • Because it is a good conductor of electricity, and is highly malleable and ductile.

(iii) Manganese and Copper are metallic minerals but have different properties.

  • Because manganese is ferrous (with iron content), whereas copper is non-ferrous (without iron content).

(d)
(i) Two characteristics of iron ore deposits in India that help their use in plants:

  • They occur as hill masses and are easily accessible.
  • They are found near coal, dolomite, limestone, and manganese producing areas (helping integrated steel manufacturing).

(ii) Two industries requiring iron ore as raw material:

  • Iron and steel industry
  • Automobile industry

Q.4

(a) State the environmental impact of mining and minerals use.

  • Mining leads to land degradation, pollution, displacement of people, and loss of biodiversity.

(b) Economic uses of any one ferrous mineral: Iron ore.

  • Used to produce steel, the foundation for construction, transportation, and machinery industries.

(c) Different methods to conserve minerals.

  • Recycling and reuse of metals.
  • Using substitutes.
  • Improved technology for extraction and use.
  • Controlled and sustainable use.

(d) (i) Which ore is used to manufacture the object in the picture?
(Note: Picture not visible, but commonly asked is aluminium for telescope, or steel for automobiles.)

  • Likely answer for telescope: Bauxite (for aluminium)

(ii) Which qualities make it suitable?

  • Aluminium is lightweight, strong, and rust-resistant—ideal for telescopes and reflectors.

III. Map Work

Mark on an outline map of India two centres where each mineral is found:

Mineral

Centres to mark

Iron Ore

Bailadila (Chhattisgarh), Singhbhum (Jharkhand)

Manganese

Balaghat (Madhya Pradesh), Nagpur (Maharashtra)

Copper

Khetri (Rajasthan), Singhbhum (Jharkhand)

Bauxite

Kalahandi (Odisha), Lohardaga (Jharkhand)

IV. Thinking Skills

Q.1: Recommend mineral-based industries for your state and give reasons.

  • If the state has iron ore, manganese, and coal, recommend Iron and Steel Industry.
  • If bauxite is present, recommend Aluminium Industry.
  • Reasons: Availability of raw materials reduces cost, supports regional economy, and generates employment.

Q.2: Industry for an area with coal, dolomite, limestone, manganese, and two ports.

  • Iron and Steel Industry, because all raw materials needed for steel are present, and ports facilitate export.

Q.3: Household items to reuse/recycle and their benefits.

  • Items: Aluminium cans, copper wires, iron utensils, steel appliances.
  • Benefits: Reduces resource depletion, saves energy, minimizes waste, and supports sustainability.

 









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