chapter 16 Cash crops class 10

 Chapter 16: Cash Crops

I. Multiple Choice Questions

1. In a sugarcane, the sugar is stored in its
Answer: (b) stem​
The chapter clearly states that "Sugar is stored in the stem" of the sugarcane plant.

2. _______ are cuttings taken from old plants and planted to grow new canes.
Answer: (a) Setts​
The chapter explains that "These cuttings, known as setts, quickly become established and after a few days buds sprout to form new stalks."

3. What is the successive crop obtained from the roots of the leftover sugarcane crop called?
Answer: (a) Ratoon​
According to the chapter, "The second or any other successive crop obtained from the roots of the leftover crop is called Ratoon."

4. Assertion (A): Sugarcane grows well in tropical regions with rainfall well distributed throughout the year. Reason (R): The sucrose content decreases if heavy rains continue for long and a rainfall deficiency produces a fibrous crop.
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R does not explain A​
Both statements are factually correct based on the chapter content, but the reason doesn't explain why sugarcane grows well in tropical regions with well-distributed rainfall.

5. The yield from each successive ratoon crop is _______ than the previous one.
Answer: (c) lesser​
The chapter states that "the yield from each successive ratoon crop is lesser than the previous one."

6. Which of the following states is not a major producer of sugarcane?
Answer: (a) Kerala​
The chapter mentions UP, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh as major producers, but Kerala is not listed.

7. Assertion (A): Sugarcane exhausts the fertility of the soil. Reason (R): Sugarcane is a perennial crop.
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R does not explain A​
Both statements are true according to the chapter, but being perennial doesn't explain why it exhausts soil fertility.

8. Groundnut oil is extracted from the nuts found in the _______ of the plant.
Answer: (c) roots​
The chapter states that groundnut oil "is extracted from the nuts found in the roots of the plant."

9. Name the state that is the leading producer of groundnuts in India.
Answer: (b) Gujarat​
The chapter clearly states "Gujarat is the leading producer of groundnuts in India."

10. Name the oil obtained from flaxseeds.
Answer: (a) Linseed​
The chapter mentions "linseed oil, obtained from flaxseeds."

11. Assertion (A): The groundnut is a rabi crop in Odisha and in southern states. Reason (R): Groundnuts require light to moderate rainfall between 50 to 100cm.
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R does not explain A​
Both statements are correct, but the rainfall requirement doesn't explain why it's a rabi crop in specific regions.

12. Soya bean: Kharif :: Mustard: _______
Answer: (c) Rabi​
The chapter states that mustard "is grown mostly as pure rabi crop."

13. _______ is the leading producer of soya bean.
Answer: (c) Madhya Pradesh​
The chapter clearly states "Madhya Pradesh is the leading producer of soya bean."

14. Soya bean is sown in the month of June and early onset of monsoon ruins the crop. Why?
Answer: (a) Heavy rainfall has adverse effects on seed germination​
The chapter explains that "heavy rainfall adversely affects the germination of soya bean seeds."

15. Before sowing soya bean seeds are covered with jaggery and rhizobium. Why?
Answer: (d) All of the above​
The chapter mentions all three reasons: jaggery acts as binding agent, is rich in nutrients, and acts as natural soil conditioner.

16. Which of the following crops are grown together as they have same climatic requirements?
Answer: (a) Mustard and Wheat​
The chapter states "Mustard is grown with wheat, gram, barley in rows in the same climatic conditions."

17. Which is a soil exhausting crop with time-sensitive processing requirements?
Answer: (b) Sugarcane​
The chapter mentions sugarcane exhausts soil fertility and must be processed within 24 hours of cutting.

18. Name the crop that is a Kharif crop in most of India but a summer crop in Tamil Nadu.
Answer: (b) Groundnut​
The chapter states groundnut is kharif in most parts but "in Tamil Nadu it is a summer crop sown in February-March."

II. Short Answer Questions

Q.1 (a) Name one state in North and one in South India where sugarcane is grown extensively.
North India: Uttar Pradesh; South India: Tamil Nadu​

(b) Why is the sugarcane production increasing in Maharashtra?
Maharashtra has favorable black soil conditions and is part of the black soil area from Maharashtra to Tamil Nadu, which is one of the three main sugarcane production areas in India​

(c) Explain briefly the Sett method of planting sugarcane.
New canes are planted by taking cuttings from old plants called setts. These setts quickly become established, and after a few days, buds sprout to form new stalks with four to five stalks growing from each cutting​

(d) What is Ratooning? State two advantages of Ratooning.
Ratooning is when sugarcane is cut during harvest leaving a stalk with roots in soil, which puts out new shoots called ratoons. Two advantages: (i) Saves labor as crop doesn't need replanting, (ii) The ratoon matures early​

Q.2 (a) How does heavy rainfall affect the quality of sugarcane?
Heavy rainfall continuing for long periods decreases the sucrose content of sugarcane, affecting its quality​

(b) Why does the cultivation of sugarcane require cheap labour?
Sugarcane is a labor-intensive crop requiring frequent weeding, irrigation, and hand harvesting with curved knives​

(c) Why do the stalks of sugarcane need to be cut as near as possible to the ground?
The greatest accumulation of sucrose is in the base of the stem, so cutting near the ground maximizes sugar content​

(d) State any three problems faced by sugarcane cultivators.
(i) Soil exhausting crop increases fertilizer costs, (ii) Delay of more than 24 hours between harvesting and crushing reduces sugar content, (iii) High transport costs increase production costs​

III. Thinking Skills

Q.1 Imagine you are a farmer living in Bihar and you want to grow a cash crop on your farm. Which one will you choose and why?
I would choose sugarcane because Bihar is part of the Sutlej-Ganga plain region, which is one of the three main sugarcane production areas in India. The region has fertile alluvium renewed by mountain streams, suitable temperatures and rainfall, and high water levels enabling easy irrigation - all favorable for sugarcane cultivation​

Q.2 You live in Uttar Pradesh and your cousin lives in Karnataka. Tell the benefits of an edible oil seed grown in your state and get the information about an oilseed that is extensively grown in your cousin's state.
In Uttar Pradesh, mustard is extensively grown. Benefits include: (i) Provides edible oil used as cooking medium, (ii) Oil cake serves as cattle feed, (iii) Leaves are eaten as vegetables. In Karnataka, groundnut is extensively grown, which provides oil for cooking, hydrogenated oil manufacturing, and the nuts can be eaten raw or processed​

Q.3 Dia has purchased agricultural land in Madhya Pradesh. She wants to cultivate an oilseed in her farm. Which oilseed, in your opinion, should she cultivate?
Dia should cultivate soya bean because Madhya Pradesh is the leading producer of soya bean in India. The state has suitable friable loamy acidic soils and the right climatic conditions (13°C-24°C temperature, 40-60cm rainfall) required for soya bean cultivation. Additionally, soya bean has high protein content and multiple uses including as vegetable, soya milk, and tofu​