E. Answer in one word.
1. A tree with needle-shaped leaves:
Fir
2. A plant which has prop roots: Banyan
3. A plant whose stem performs
photosynthesis: Cactus
4. A mountain animal which has horns
to protect itself from predators: Mountain goat
5. An organism which is lightweight
due to hollow bones: Birds
F. Circle the odd one out and give reasons for your
choice.
1. Camel, Cactus, Snake, Polar bear
o Odd one out: Polar bear
o Reason: Camel, cactus, and snake are
found in desert habitats, while the polar bear is found in polar regions.
2. Padded feet, Fins, Gills, Scales
o Odd one out: Fins
o Reason: Padded feet, gills, and scales
are adaptations of animals living in specific habitats (e.g., desert or
aquatic), while fins are specific to aquatic animals.
3. Money plant, Sugar cane, Lotus,
Mangrove
o Odd one out: Lotus
o Reason: Money plant, sugar cane, and
mangrove have aerial roots, while lotus is an aquatic plant.
4. Spines, Cones, Long roots, Spony
stem
o Odd one out: Cones
o Reason: Spines, long roots, and spongy
stems are adaptations of desert plants, while cones are found in coniferous
trees.
G. Define the following terms.
1. Adaptation: The presence of features or
certain habits that help an organism to live in a particular habitat or
environment.
2. Aquatic plants: Plants that adapt themselves to
grow and survive in water.
3. Habitat: The natural surroundings where a
living organism lives.
4. Fixed plants: Plants that have their roots
fixed to the bottom of a water body, like a pond.
5. Climbing roots: Roots that develop from the stem
and attach themselves to a support, helping the plant to climb.
H. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. What are aquatic habitats?
Describe their types. Aquatic
habitats are habitats inside water. They are of two types:
o Freshwater habitats: Ponds, lakes, and rivers.
o Saline water habitats: Seas and oceans.
2. Write any two adaptations of a
cactus plant.
o Leaves are reduced to spines to
reduce water loss.
o The stem is green, thick, and
spongy to store water.
3. How does a cactus differ from
tape grass in terms of adaptation in its leaf?
4. How is lotus different from water
hyacinth?
o Lotus is a fixed aquatic plant
with roots fixed to the bottom of the water body.
o Water hyacinth is a floating
aquatic plant that floats on the water surface.
5. What are stilt roots? Roots that arise from the lower
nodes of the stem and grow obliquely downward, providing support to the plant.
I. Answer the following questions in detail.
1. Write the adaptations of a camel
that help it to survive in the desert.
The adaptations of a camel that help it to survive
in the desert are
o Brown-colored body to blend with
the surroundings.
o Long eyelashes to protect the
eyes during sandstorms.
o Can close its nostrils to prevent
sand from entering.
o Hump stores fat, helping it
survive without food for months.
o Long legs to keep the body away
from the heat of the sand.
o Does not sweat much and excretes
dry dung to retain water.
o Thick lips to eat prickly desert
plants without injury.
o Padded feet to walk on hot sand.
2. What are the adaptations of birds
that enable them to fly?
The adaptations of birds that enable them to fly
are
o Streamlined bodies to reduce air
resistance.
o Lightweight and hollow bones.
o Forelimbs modified into wings.
o Strong breast muscles for
flapping wings.
o Tail for changing direction.
3. Differentiate between the three
types of aquatic plants.
4. Describe the different types of
roots present in aerial plants.
5. List the adaptations of
coniferous trees.
The adaptations of coniferous trees are
o Tall, straight, and conical shape
to shed snow.
o Thick bark for protection against
cold.
o Needle-shaped leaves with waxy
coating to prevent water loss.
o Cones protect seeds from extreme
winters.
o Evergreen and can photosynthesize
throughout the year.
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